与白病相关的环境和职业因素:系统性审查
Mazni Baharom1, Norfazilah Ahmad1, Rozita Hod1
1Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
Heliyon
|January 4, 2024
概括
随着接触受污染的水,不良的基础设施和某些景观,白螺杆菌病的风险会增加. 户外和屠宰场工人等职业群体面临更高的感染率,这凸显了针对性预防的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
背景情况:
- 瘦肉是一种被忽视的动物传染病,在全球范围内对公共卫生产生重大影响,特别是在资源贫困的环境中.
- 环境和职业暴露是关键的传播途径,但它们的相互作用需要进一步调查以进行有效的控制.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和总结与人类白病感染相关的环境和职业风险因素.
主要方法:
- 通过使用四个主要数据库,对2012年至2021年间发表的32项研究进行了系统审查.
- 基于实验室诊断方法和统计分析来评估研究质量.
- 通过对Scopus,Web of Science,Ovid MEDLINE和EBSCOhost.com的全面搜索,确定了符合条件的文章.
主要成果:
- 与水有关的因素 (自然水源,娱乐活动,洪水,泥,停滞水) 显著增加了白病的风险.
- 住房基础设施不足 (墙壁无石膏,草屋) 和生活在低地区或靠近农田/种植园的住房与更高的风险有关.
- 与动物,牲畜和猪的接触,以及户外工作和屠宰场工作等职业,都会增加感染的风险.
结论:
- 环境因素 (水,基础设施,景观) 和职业暴露 (动物,特定的工作) 是白病传播的关键驱动因素.
- 这些风险因素的影响因地理区域,气候,城市化和社会经济地位而异,需要具体的干预措施.
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