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Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
在印度的老年人中,农村和城市的健康差异
Supa Pengpid1,2,3, Karl Peltzer1,4,5
1Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
印度中年和老年人显示出显著的农村和城市健康差异. 与农村居民相比,城市居民和移民的健康状况通常更好,但慢性疾病的发病率更高.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 印度老龄化人口面临着各种健康挑战.
- 农村和城市环境具有不同的社会经济和环境因素影响健康.
- 了解这些差异对于有针对性的健康干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查45岁及以上的印度成年人中农村和城市健康差异.
- 确定不同于农村居民,城市移民和城市居民的特定健康指标.
- 为老龄化人口制定公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对2017-2018年67,489名 (≥45岁) 个体的全国横截面数据的分析.
- 评估社会人口统计学,福祉,生活方式和身体健康因素.
- 应用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来比较居住组.
主要成果:
- 城市移民和居民报告说,自我评估的健康状况,认知功能和较低的残疾比农村居民更好.
- 在城市群体中观察到的超重/肥胖,糖尿病,高血压,心脏病和癌症的更高患病率.
- 城市群体的体重不足,吸烟,大量饮酒以及持续性头痛和视力障碍等某些疾病的比例较低.
结论:
- 与农村同行相比,城市移民和居民存在显著的健康优势和缺点.
- 在30个评估的健康指标中,有16个显示出农村与城市之间的差异.
- 公共卫生倡议必须解决印度农村与城市老龄化人口的具体,不同的医疗保健需求.
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