脂肪细胞亚群介于脂解和肥胖引起的胰岛素抵抗
Jun Huang1, Rita Sharma1, Sohana Siyar1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
The Journal of endocrinology
|January 4, 2024
概括
2型脂肪细胞调节脂解,这是肥胖的一个关键过程. 在这些细胞中过度表达脂肪特异蛋白27 (FSP27),在小鼠中改善了葡萄糖和胰岛素耐受性,这表明了治疗点.
科学领域:
- 脂肪细胞生物学 脂肪细胞生物学
- 代谢性疾病研究研究.
- 肥胖的病原体是肥胖的病原体.
背景情况:
- 在脂肪组织中存在明显的白色脂肪细胞亚群 (类型1,2,3).
- 已知2型脂肪细胞对瘤死亡因子α (TNFα) 有反应.
研究的目的:
- 研究2型脂肪细胞在肥胖中的作用.
- 确定TNFα影响2型脂肪细胞的机制.
- 评估针对肥胖相关的胰岛素耐药性的2型脂肪细胞的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 用TNFα治疗初级脂肪细胞以评估脂解和FSP27表达.
- 生成了一种2型脂肪细胞特异的人类FSP27转基因小鼠模型 (type2Ad-hFSP27tg).
- 对小鼠进行了高脂肪饮食的葡萄糖和胰岛素耐受性测试.
主要成果:
- TNFα治疗增加了2型脂肪细胞的脂解,部分是通过减少FSP27的表达.
- 在高脂肪饮食中的2Ad-hFSP27tg型雄性小鼠表现出改善的葡萄糖耐受性和胰岛素敏感性,而体重没有变化.
- 在类型2Ad-hFSP27tg小鼠中观察到减少内脏脂肪脂解.
- 在体外,FSP27的过度表达减少了TNFα诱导的亡,但在体内并没有减少巨细胞的透.
结论:
- 2型脂肪细胞在调节脂解中起着重要作用.
- 针对2型脂肪细胞,特别是调节FSP27,可能为肥胖和胰岛素抵抗提供治疗策略.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索体内机制和治疗疗效.
更多相关视频
06:50Isolation of Adipogenic and Fibro-Inflammatory Stromal Cell Subpopulations from Murine Intra-Abdominal Adipose Depots
Published on: August 16, 2020
2.7K
06:08Author Spotlight: Semi-Automated Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Murine White Adipose Tissue Using a Tissue Dissociator
Published on: May 19, 2023
2.1K
相关概念视频
Hypodermis
4.5K
The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
4.5K
Obesity
507
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
507
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
1.6K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
1.6K
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.2K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.2K
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
551
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
551
