美国怀孕和死产风险期间NO2和O3度的短期增加:一个时间分层的案例交叉研究
Matthew Shupler1, Krista Huybrechts2, Michael Leung3
1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|January 4, 2024
概括
对二氧化 (NO2) 和臭氧 (O3) 的短期暴露与总体死产无关. 然而,增加的NO2水平与美国印第安人以及靠近水力压裂场所的死胎几率更高有关.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 空气污染的毒理学
背景情况:
- 之前关于空气污染和死胎的研究通常使用长期暴露平均值.
- 了解空气污染物短期升对死产风险的影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 像二氧化 (NO2) 和臭氧 (O3) 这样的气体污染物是常见的城市和工业排放.
研究的目的:
- 检查NO2和O3度短期增加与死产风险之间的关联.
- 调查因种族/种族以及靠近水力压裂 (fracking) 井的潜在效果的改变.
主要方法:
- 分析了2000年至2014年的全国116,788名医疗补助计划入学者的样本.
- 使用时间分层的案例交叉设计来评估分布式 (滞后0-6) 和累积滞后效应.
- 对细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 度和温度进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 在总体样本中,短期NO2或O3增加和死产之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 二氧化物增加10ppb与美国印第安人的死产率增加有关 (滞后0和1) 和那些靠近压裂井的人 (滞后0和1).
- 对于累积滞后 (0-6天) 或远离压裂井的地区,相关性并不显著.
结论:
- 短期NO2暴露可能会增加特定弱势群体的死胎风险,包括美洲印第安人和居住在水力压裂现场附近的人.
- 靠近水力压裂可能会加剧NO2对死产风险的不良影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索水力压裂的空气污染物和与NO2暴露相关的死产风险的种族差异.
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