美国对阿片类药物相关损害的看法:一项全国性随机研究,研究不同的个人如何根据不同的术语对成进行污名化
John F Kelly1, M Claire Greene2, Alexandra Abry1
1Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Journal of substance use and addiction treatment
|January 4, 2024
概括
某些人口因素,而不是阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的描述,预测了公众的耻辱. 对于有效的OUD治疗,反污名化运动必须考虑术语和特定人口的信仰.
科学领域:
- 社会科学与公共卫生 社会科学与公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
背景情况:
- 公众对阿片类药物相关损伤的看法受其描述方式的影响.
- 了解污名化的人口预测因素对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查美国公共特征 (年龄,性别,种族,宗教信仰,性取向,政治归属,个人历史) 如何与对阿片类药物相关损伤的个人的耻辱有关.
- 评估污名的关联是否根据损伤的描述 (例如"大脑疾病") 或患者的性别而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 一个全国代表性样本 (N=3643) 被随机分配,以查看描述与阿片类药物相关损害的六个视频之一.
- 维涅特对损伤的描述有所不同 (例如",慢性复发性脑疾病"",疾病"",问题").
- 参与者评价了评价污名的五个维度的陈述:责怪,预后悲观,持续护理,危险性和社会距离.
主要成果:
- 年龄较大,男性性别,白人种族,异性恋倾向,宗教信仰,共和党的归属,以及没有成/精神健康问题的历史与更高的耻辱感有关.
- 这些人口统计学关联在不同描述阿片类药物相关损伤时保持一致.
- 患者的性别并没有显著改变这些耻辱关联的强度.
结论:
- 特定的人口特征,而不是用于阿片类药物相关损伤的术语,是公众耻辱的关键驱动因素.
- 对阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的反污名化运动必须考虑成术语和特定人口亚群中普遍存在的信念.
- 定制干预措施以解决不同人口群体内的独特偏见,对于减少OUD污名化至关重要.
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