互联网部署的ICT网络产生的碳足迹和就业创造:一个多区域输出输出分析
Guillermo San Miguel1, Brigitte M Bañales1, Diego Ruiz1
1School of Industrial Engineering (ETSII), C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid 28006, Spain.
The Science of the total environment
|January 4, 2024
概括
提供互联网接入对环境和就业产生影响. 设备制造推动城市排放,而农村基础设施建设是关键. 大多数影响来自中国等制造业中心.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 社会经济学 社会经济学
- 信息和通信技术 (ICT) 分析分析
背景情况:
- 互联网接入对于发展至关重要,但ICT网络的部署会影响环境和人类系统.
- 评估ICT基础设施的碳足迹和创造就业机会对于可持续决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估提供互联网的碳足迹和就业机会,在秘鲁的各种地理人口情景中提供互联网.
- 为了比较城市,郊区和农村ICT网络部署的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了多区域环境扩展输出输出 (MRIO) 方法.
- 分析了秘鲁的6个地理人口统计场景,从城市到偏远的农村.
- 专注于碳排放 (kg CO2等值/次数/年). 和就业 (工作/次职/年份). ) 的情况.
主要成果:
- 对于城市/郊区,最终用户设备制造占据了碳排放的主导地位 (289-340公斤CO2eq/subs/yr.) 和就业 (7-8个工作位/次/年. ) 的情况.
- 农村网络的可持续性主要受到共享基础设施建设 (如4G LTE) 的影响.
- 在所有情景中,能源消耗对影响的贡献始终受到限制.
- 尽管秘鲁的部署背景,但在中国的制造业中追溯到显著的环境影响.
结论:
- 像MRIO这样的计量经济学方法对于可持续性评估是有价值的,它补充了传统的基于过程的生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 制造业的地理分布显著影响了ICT部署的整体环境足迹.
- 政策和决策应该考虑互联网提供整个供应链的影响,而不仅仅是局部部署.
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