在重复接种复合疫苗或基于细胞培养的与基于蛋的流感疫苗接种疫苗后,从蛋适应的表位重定向抗体反应
Feng Liu1, F Liaini Gross1, Sneha Joshi1
1Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Nature communications
|January 4, 2024
概括
用蛋为基础的疫苗重复接种流感疫苗可能会削弱对循环菌株的免疫反应. 非蛋疫苗,如复合疫苗 (RIV4) 或细胞培养疫苗 (ccIIV4) 显示抗体反应有所改善,这表明需要多个季节的疫苗以提高疫苗的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 每年接种流感疫苗对公共卫生至关重要.
- 基于蛋的疫苗生产可以引入蛋适应的变化,可能会影响免疫性.
- 了解不同疫苗平台对免疫记忆的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较无活化蛋 (IIV4),细胞培养 (ccIIV4) 和重组 (RIV4) 流感疫苗的免疫性.
- 为了研究两季不同流感疫苗平台的重复接种疫苗的效果.
- 为了评估抗体对蛋适应和流通的流感病毒菌株的反应.
主要方法:
- 一个随机试验涉及医疗保健人员 (18-64岁) 在两个流感季节 (2018-19年,2019-20年).
- 收集和分析疫苗接种前和后的血清.
- 对细胞培养的A(H3N2) 和A(H1N1) pdm09病毒的中和抗体和血质素 (HA) 结合抗体的测量.
主要成果:
- 疫苗蛋适应的变化显著影响了A(H3N2) 免疫性.
- 在第一年,与ccIIV4和IIV4相比,RIV4对细胞培养的A(H3N2) 中和和HA头抗体的诱导能力优于ccIIV4和IIV4.
- 在第二年,用RIV4或ccIIV4重复接种疫苗,对循环病毒的反应有所改善,这表明中和抗体的卵/细胞比例下降.
结论:
- 用以蛋为基础的流感疫苗重复接种疫苗可能会增加对蛋适应的表位体的抗体,从而可能降低对循环菌株的有效性.
- 非蛋基疫苗 (RIV4,ccIIV4) 在引起对流传性流感病毒的反应方面似乎更有效.
- 可能需要多个季节的非蛋疫苗接种,以重定向免疫反应并提高疫苗的整体有效性.
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