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重组意识的遗传学分析揭示了SARS-CoV-2的进化起源
Luis Roger Esquivel Gomez1,2,3, Ariane Weber4,5, Arthur Kocher4,5
1Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group (tide), Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology (Formerly MPI for the Science of Human History), Jena, Germany. esquivelgomez@gea.mpg.de.
Scientific reports
|January 4, 2024
概括
这种SARS-CoV-2的Spike蛋白质.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 通过血管酶转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体感染人类细胞.
- 尖端蛋白的受体结合域 (RBD) 包含六个关键的氨基酸残留物,这些残留物对ACE2受体的识别和病毒进入至关重要.
- 讨论了RBD变量循环及其关键氨基酸残留的起源,将遗传重组和自然选择作为拟议的机制.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 变量循环的进化起源.
- 检测和描述人类,蝙蝠和松鼠沙尔贝病毒在RBD中的潜在重组事件.
- 阐明六个关键氨基酸残留的进化史,使其具有高ACE2受体亲和力.
主要方法:
- 贝叶斯系遗传学被用来重建Sarbecovirus RBDs的进化关系.
- 在人类,蝙蝠和松鼠Sarbecovirus序列中共同进行了植物遗传学分析.
- 用重组检测算法来识别RBD区域内的潜在重组事件.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种涉及蝙蝠沙尔贝科病毒RaTG13和未采样的沙尔贝科病毒血统的重组事件.
- 已知与SARS-CoV-2最接近的RaTG13缺乏六种关键氨基酸残留中的五种用于ACE2结合的氨基酸残留.
- 该研究没有发现证据支持SARS-CoV-2中RBD变量循环的复合起源.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 RBD 的变量循环可能不是来自重组事件.
- 对ACE2结合的关键氨基酸残留物可能存在于SARS-CoV-2和RaTG13.3的共同祖先中.
- 在随后的重组事件中,RaTG13可能已经丢失了这些关键残留物中的五个.
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