生物基,可生物降解和可堆肥塑料:化学性质,生物降解途径和环境战略
Sabzoi Nizamuddin1, Chengrong Chen2
1Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|January 4, 2024
概括
基于生物的,可生物降解和可堆肥的塑料为环境带来了好处,但面临着关于其生命周期结束行为的误解. 本审查澄清了这些可持续替代品的定义,退化,应用和标准.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 塑料废弃物污染是一个重大的全球环境威胁,影响着土地,水和空气.
- 生物基,可生物降解和可堆肥塑料被推广为石油基塑料的可持续替代品.
- 关于这些替代塑料在使用寿命后的实际可降解性和环境行为存在误解.
研究的目的:
- 澄清生物基础,可生物降解和可堆肥塑料的定义和化学结构.
- 描述这些材料的降解途径和环境行为.
- 总结当前和潜在的未来应用,并解决标准化需求.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对生物基,可生物降解和可堆肥塑料现有研究的综合.
- 对降解机制和途径的分析.
- 收集关于当前和新兴工业应用的数据.
主要成果:
- 生物基,可生物降解和可堆肥塑料带来了诸如减少碳足迹和生态安全等好处,但也带来了诸如更高成本和有限的回收基础设施等挑战.
- 现有的生物降解性和可堆肥性标准缺乏详细的解释,导致可能滥用术语.
- 提供了对材料特性,降解过程和各种应用的全面概述.
结论:
- 迫切需要标准化的国际方法和明确的立法来定义和规范生物基,可生物降解和可堆肥材料.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化降解过程,扩大应用,并尽量减少这些塑料对环境的影响.
- 解决误解和制定明确的标准对于成功采用可持续塑料替代品至关重要.
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