打算使用健康信念模型对莱姆病进行疫苗接种
James H Stark1, Brandon McFadden2,3, Niyati Patel2
1Vaccines, Antivirals, and Evidence Generation, Pfizer Biopharma Group, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Zoonoses and public health
|January 4, 2024
概括
了解影响莱姆病疫苗接种意向的因素对于公共卫生至关重要. 医疗保健提供者的建议显著增加了成人和护理人员对疫苗的兴趣.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康行为研究 研究健康行为研究
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 莱姆病 (LD) 在美国每年影响近50万人,目前的保护措施缺乏一致的有效性.
- 安全有效的莱姆病疫苗的开发正在进行中,但影响疫苗接种意向的因素仍不清楚.
- 健康信念模型 (HBM) 为了解健康行为提供了一个框架,但尚未应用于莱姆病疫苗接种意图.
研究的目的:
- 应用健康信念模型 (HBM) 框架来确定莱姆病疫苗意向的关键驱动因素.
- 探索风险成年人和莱姆病流行地区儿童的照顾者之间的疫苗接种意图差异.
- 评估HBM构造对对莱姆病疫苗接种意图的影响.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自美国莱姆病特有州的874名成年人和834名护理人员的数据.
- 结构方程建模 (SEM) 用于分析HBM构造和疫苗接种意图之间的关系.
- 这项研究研究了感知到的易感性,严重程度,益处,障碍和行动线索如何影响疫苗的意图.
主要成果:
- HBM构造显著解释了成人和护理人员对莱姆病疫苗意向的差异.
- 接种疫苗的意图受到行动的线索,感知易感性和感知到的两组利益的积极影响.
- 护理人员的意图受到感知严重性的积极影响,但受到安全问题的负面影响;成年人的意图受到感知障碍的负面影响.
结论:
- 需要采取行动的线索,例如医疗保健提供者或CDC的建议,强烈影响莱姆病疫苗的意图.
- 了解感知易感性,严重性,益处和障碍对于促进莱姆病疫苗接种至关重要.
- 根据HBM定制公共卫生信息可以提高疫苗接种策略.
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