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确定Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii物种复合物的环境和临床分离物之间的潜在联系,使用表型和基因型特征

Kenosi Kebabonye¹, Mosimanegape Jongman^2,3, Daniel Loeto²

¹School of Health Allied Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

|January 5, 2024

概括

艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的密码球菌感染正在增加. 这项研究发现,在博茨瓦纳,Cryptococcus neoformans x Cryptococcus deneoformans杂交菌和MATα交配型的流行率很高,这表明了环境联系.

科学领域:

医学真菌学医学真菌学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
遗传学是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

由Cryptococcus neoformans和Cryptococcus gattii物种复合体引起的机会性真菌感染在艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中正在增加.
尽管抗真菌疗法取得了进展,但加密球菌脑膜炎仍然是该人口中死亡和发病的重要原因.

研究的目的:

从博茨瓦纳的环境和临床样本中分离出Cryptococcus的多样性和交配类型的特征.
调查环境和临床Cryptococcus分离物之间的潜在联系.
为了解博茨瓦纳Cryptococcus的交配模式和进化历史奠定基础.

主要方法:

收集来自艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的环境和临床 (脑脊液) 加密球菌分离物.
使用MALDI-TOF MS和PCR识别和确认分离物.
基因组多样性分析通过PCR指纹和牛津纳米孔对基因间隔区域的测序.
确定交配类型 (MAT位置放大) 和血清型.

主要成果:

观察到Cryptococcus neoformans x Cryptococcus deneoformans杂交菌 (血清型AD) 的异常高患病率为42.1%.
加密球菌新型人A型血清 (39.5%) 是第二个最常见的类型,其次是C. gattii (7.9%) 和C. tetragattii (5.3%).
绝缘物中很大一部分是MATα (44.7%) 或MATα-MATα杂交物 (42.1%),只有13.2%是MATa.

结论:

这项研究强调了在博茨瓦纳的Cryptococcus neoformans x Cryptococcus deneoformans杂交菌和MATα交配型的显著流行.
研究结果表明,该地区的环境和临床Cryptococcus分离物之间存在潜在的流行病学联系.
需要进一步的研究来阐明交配模式及其对博茨瓦纳加密球菌疾病流行病学的影响.

关键词:

克里普托科克 (Cryptococcus gattii) 是一个有毒的菌种.这是Cryptococcus neoformans的新型菌.牛津纳米孔测序的测序遗传多样性遗传多样性跨基因间隔区域的区域.

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