通过离子共结晶实现的无酸盐能量氧化剂
Andrew J Bennett1, Leila M Foroughi1, Adam J Matzger1,2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 5, 2024
概括
研究人员使用离子共结晶开发了新型能量共结晶,以改善酸盐 (AN) 和氨基二胺 (DNA) 的可持续固体火箭发动机. 这些新材料提供了更高的稳定性和包装性,解决了传统氧化剂的关键局限性.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 化学工程
- 能量材料
背景情况:
- 甲 (AP) 是固体火箭发动机的标准氧化剂,但面临着环境问题.
- 酸 (AN) 和氨基丁胺 (DNA) 是潜在的绿色替代物,但其稳定性和晶体形态不佳.
- 这些问题阻碍了密集包装,并限制了AN和ADN在火箭推进剂中的广泛使用.
研究的目的:
- 为可持续的固体火箭发动机解决AN和ADN的处理和处理挑战.
- 通过能量辅助器合成和表征AN和ADN的新型能量共晶体.
- 研究离子共结晶的潜力,以改善氧化盐的性能.
主要方法:
- 通过离子共结晶,用5-5'-二二,3'-二四 (DNBT) 制造AN和ADN的共结晶.
- 使用差分扫描热量计 (DSC) 来分析合成的共晶体的热性质和稳定性.
- 结果的共晶体的氧气平衡被计算出来,并与现有的能量材料进行比较.
主要成果:
- 合晶2AN:DNBT已成功合成,证明了AN的稳定性,并减轻了其有问题的固态相位过渡.
- 在所有已知的有机共晶体中,共晶体2DNA:DNBT的氧气平衡最高.
- 这些共晶体代表了氧化盐与能量共晶体的第一例,同时保持了正氧平衡.
结论:
- 离子共结晶是提高酸和二的稳定性和可加工性的有效策略.
- 开发的共晶体提供了增强的性能特性,包括更好的热稳定性和高氧平衡.
- 这项研究为开发更可持续,更高效的固体火箭发动机推进剂铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer
41.6K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
41.6K
The Born-Haber Cycle
21.9K
Lattice Energy
21.9K
Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents
1.3K
In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...
1.3K
Preparation of Epoxides
7.7K
Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of...
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of...
7.7K
Enolate Mechanism Conventions
2.1K
When a carbonyl compound is treated with a strong base, the α position gets deprotonated to give a resonance-stabilized intermediate called an enolate. Enolates are ambident nucleophiles because they possess two nucleophilic sites that can attack an electrophile owing to the delocalization of the negative charge between the α carbon and oxygen atoms. When the oxygen atom attacks an electrophile, it is called O-attack, whereas electrophilic attack via the α carbon is known as...
2.1K
Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates
918
After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
918


