细胞死亡的生物化学途径包括细胞死亡的apoptotic,necroptotic,pyroptotic和ferroptotic细胞死亡
Youwei Ai1, Yutong Meng2, Bo Yan3
1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Molecular cell
|January 5, 2024
概括
这篇评论探讨了调节细胞死亡的途径,如亡,亡,烧亡和铁亡. 它详细介绍了它们在生理和病理功能中的机制和作用.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 细胞亡是一种由caspase-3/7执行的受调细胞死亡,由上游caspases激活,以响应信号.
- 亡,亡和铁亡是不同的受调细胞死亡途径,由特定的刺激触发,涉及独特的分子参与者.
- 这些通路对于维持组织平衡和应对各种生理和病理条件至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查主要调节细胞死亡途径的分子机制:细胞亡,细胞亡,细胞亡和细胞亡.
- 讨论这些通路在不同细胞类型中的单独和相互关联的作用.
- 突出它们参与特定的生理和病理功能.
主要方法:
- 关于亡,亡,亡和铁亡的文学综述.
- 对每个通路的分子激活器和执行器的分析.
- 讨论通路相互作用和细胞背景.
主要成果:
- 细胞亡是由caspase-3/7调解的,由caspase-8或-9.7激活的.
- 亡包括RIPK3和MLKL,当caspase-8被抑制时,细胞死亡诱导的细胞因子会激活它们.
- 热症是由炎症性卡斯帕斯分裂气体皮质D引起的,而铁症是依赖铁的,由脂质过氧化引发的卡斯帕斯独立的死性死亡.
结论:
- 调节的细胞死亡途径是多样化的,并执行不同的细胞功能.
- 这些通路可以根据细胞环境独立或相互连接地起作用.
- 了解这些途径对于理解生理过程和开发疾病治疗方法至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30Overview of Cell Death
7.3K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.3K
01:16Necrosis
4.5K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
4.5K
01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.6K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.6K
01:30Apoptosis
11.5K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.5K
01:17The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.4K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.4K
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
3.4K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.4K