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相关概念视频

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

36.0K
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.0K
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

13.8K
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
13.8K
Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

24.9K
DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
24.9K
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

33.5K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
33.5K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Quantifying Replication Stress in Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Single-Stranded DNA Immunofluorescence
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Quantifying Replication Stress in Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Single-Stranded DNA Immunofluorescence

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快照: 耐受复制压力

Barnabas Szakal1, Michele Giannattasio2, Dana Branzei3

  • 1IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.

Molecular cell
|January 5, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

DNA损伤耐受性路径有助于复制分叉克服DNA损伤,转录和结构. 这项研究可视化了停滞不前的复制分叉,详细介绍了绕过阻塞,重新启动和完成DNA复制的因素.

更多相关视频

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

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Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System
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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Quantifying Replication Stress in Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Single-Stranded DNA Immunofluorescence
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Quantifying Replication Stress in Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Single-Stranded DNA Immunofluorescence

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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

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Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System
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Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • DNA复制对于细胞分裂至关重要,必须克服各种基因组障碍.
  • 复制叉可以在DNA损伤,转录区域和DNA结构中停滞.
  • DNA损伤耐受性 (DDT) 途径对于导航这些摊位至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了说明停滞的DNA复制叉的结构动态.
  • 确定涉及到DDT的关键分子因素和交易.
  • 阐明复制叉绕过,重启和完成的机制.

主要方法:

  • 停滞复制叉结构的视觉表示.
  • 在耐受性期间描绘关键的DNA交易.
  • 确定涉及到DDT的关键蛋白质因素.

主要成果:

  • 详细可视化停滞的复制分叉配置.
  • 解释绕过复制障碍的机制.
  • 确定能够使复制重启和整体完成的因素.

结论:

  • 耐受DNA损伤路径对于保持基因组完整性至关重要.
  • 了解陷入停滞的分叉动态为DNA修复和复制忠实性提供了洞察力.
  • 关键因素和交易有助于通过具有挑战性的DNA区域进行复制分叉的进展.