在性条件下的U (VI) -OH-Si (OH) 4复合物的实验和计算证据:对水泥系统的影响
Chengming Shang1, Xavier Gaona1, Hanna Oher2
1Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
Chemosphere
|January 5, 2024
概括
这项研究使用光谱学和量子计算研究了酸和酸复合. 确定了新的U(VI) - 酸盐复合物,这对于了解核废物处理中的物种化至关重要.
科学领域:
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 放射化学 放射化学是指辐射化学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 了解 (U(VI)) 变种对于核废物管理至关重要.
- 酸盐相互作用影响地质储存库中的U (VI) 流动性.
- 乌拉尼尔氧化物与酸的复合行为需要详细的研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究乌拉尼尔氧化物与正酸的复合.
- 为了确定U(VI) - 酸盐复合物的形成常数和光谱特性.
- 提供有关核废物处理相关的酸盐丰富环境中的U(VI) 变种的见解.
主要方法:
- 在受控大气层下进行光谱发光定位 (手套箱,).
- 紫外线-Vis光谱学 (酸盐蓝色方法) 确保单质酸.
- 时间分辨率激光诱导光谱学 (TRLFS) 用于复杂的表征.
- 量子化学计算以验证实验发现.
主要成果:
- 已识别和特征U(VI) - 酸盐复合物:UO2(OH) 2SiO(OH) 3 - 在pH9.2-10.5和UO2(OH) 2SiO2(OH) 22 - 在pH11.5.
- 使用TRLFS和线性回归来确定条件阶段式形成常数.
- 报告了这些复合体的光谱特征 (峰值位置,衰变时间) 首次.
- 通过量子化学计算的发光光谱验证了实验结果.
结论:
- 建立了一个化学模型,用于在弱性条件下与酸的U(VI) 复合.
- 用戴维斯方程将条件稳定常数推算到无限稀释.
- 强调了酸盐复合在核废弃物储存环境中的U (VI) 物种化的重要性,特别是在碳酸盐竞争方面.
相关概念视频
Hydration of Cement
237
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
237
Strength and Heat of Hydration
243
The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
243
Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
102
The alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete involves natural siliceous minerals in aggregates reacting with alkaline hydroxides derived from cement alkalis. This reaction forms an alkali-silica gel that absorbs water, swells, and increases in volume, which is confined by the surrounding cement paste, creating internal pressures that crack and disrupt the concrete. The extent of expansion and damage can be partly attributed to the alkali-silica reaction's osmotic hydraulic pressure and the...
102
Sulfate Attack on Concrete
138
Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
138
Soundness of Cement
171
The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
171
Types of Cement I
125
Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
125


