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禁食激活的腹侧髓神经元调节T细胞定位并抑制小鼠自身免疫性疾病

Liang Wang¹, Mingxiu Cheng^2,3, Yuchen Wang¹

¹Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Nature neuroscience

|January 5, 2024

概括

禁食会影响免疫细胞,但机制尚不清楚. 研究人员发现,在禁食期间激活特定的大脑神经元可以控制T细胞的分布,并抑制自身免疫性疾病,揭示了免疫调节的神经通路.

科学领域:

神经免疫学神经免疫学
代谢调节代谢调节代谢调节
细胞免疫学细胞免疫学

背景情况:

饮食禁食显著改变免疫细胞的功能和分布,导致免疫抑制.
禁食调节免疫系统的确切机制尚未完全理解.
了解这些机制对于开发针对免疫和自身免疫疾病的治疗策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

阐明导致禁食的免疫调节背后的神经机制.
调查腹侧髓 (VLM) 中 катехоламинер基 (CA) 神经元在调解禁食对T细胞和自身免疫性疾病的影响中的作用.
探索针对这些神经回路进行治疗干预的潜力.

主要方法:

使用小鼠模型,包括实验性自身免疫脑炎 (EAE),用于自身免疫疾病研究.
采用技术来激活和消灭腹侧髓 (VLM) 中的甲基胺神经元 (CA).
研究了T细胞分布,回归机制 (CXCR4/CXCL12轴),皮质分泌和T细胞功能 (激活,增殖,分化,细胞因子产生).

主要成果:

禁食激活VLM中的CA神经元,影响T细胞分布和自身免疫性疾病的发展.
废除VLM CA神经元逆转了禁食诱导的T细胞再分配.
激活VLM CA神经元通过CXCR4/CXCL12轴促进T细胞向骨髓指向,并抑制T细胞反应,缓解EAE症状.

结论:

腹侧髓 (VLM) 中的catecholaminergic (CA) 神经元作为一个关键的神经控制,以禁食为媒介的免疫调节.
在VLM中的神经元活动影响T细胞的分布和功能,提供了神经系统和免疫系统之间的新联系.
准VLM CA神经元活动为管理自身免疫性疾病提供了潜在的治疗策略.

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