贫民窟地区艾滋病毒的流行:系统审查和元分析
Meysam Behzadifar1, Seyed Jafar Ehsanzadeh2, Banafshe Darvishi Teli3
1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
BMC infectious diseases
|January 5, 2024
概括
这一元分析显示,全球贫民窟人口中人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 患病率为10%. 有针对性的干预措施至关重要,以解决女性和特定地区艾滋病毒发病率较高的问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 构成了重大的全球健康挑战,不成比例地影响贫民窟地区的弱势群体.
- 贫民窟的特点是过度拥挤和有限的医疗保健,这有助于艾滋病毒的传播.
- 缺乏对这些特定环境中的艾滋病毒患病率的全面了解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地综合全球关于人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 在贫民窟人口中的流行情况的证据.
- 提供对边缘化城市社区艾滋病毒感染率的定量概述.
- 为了确定潜在的差异和导致贫民窟艾滋病毒流行的因素.
主要方法:
- 从1990年到2023年,在多个数据库 (Medline,Scopus,Embase,Web of Science,DOAJ) 中进行了系统的文献审查.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度评估研究质量;使用随机效应模型计算聚合患病率.
- 异质性和出版偏差分别使用I2和Egger的测试进行评估,并进行子组分析.
主要成果:
- 包括22项包括52,802名参与者的研究,显示艾滋病毒总流行率为10% (95% CI: 7-13%).
- 与男性 (8%) 相比,女性的患病率更高 (13%) ,非洲地区患病率最高 (11%).
- 患病率因测试方法 (快速测试: 13%) 和收入水平 (中高收入国家: 20%) 而异.
结论:
- 该研究强调了贫民窟内艾滋病毒感染的普遍性令人担忧.
- 迫切,有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以制艾滋病毒在这些弱势群体传播.
- 解决性别差异,贫困问题以及赋予贫民窟居民权力是关键的政策考虑因素.
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