德国出生的美国人和德国人的癌症死亡率
Silvia Mignozzi1, Claudia Santucci1, Heidy N Medina2
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Cancer epidemiology
|January 6, 2024
概括
德国出生的美国男性的癌症死亡率低于德国居民. 女人死亡率显示的差异很小,一些癌症在德国出生的美国女性中更高. 这些癌症差异可能反映出生活方式和医疗保健获取差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 与原籍国相比,移民人口往往表现出不同的癌症风险和结果.
- 了解这些差异对于有针对性的公共卫生干预和医疗保健战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较德国居民和移民到美国的德国出生的个人之间的癌症死亡率.
- 确定导致死亡率差异的特定癌症类型.
主要方法:
- 利用美国四个州 (生命统计部门) 的2008-2018年德国居民 (世卫组织) 和德国出生的美国人的癌症死亡率数据.
- 计算了年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR) 和标准化死亡率 (SMR),比较了两个人群.
- 雇佣的欧洲标准人口用于ASMR计算和SMR的95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 与德国居民 (ASMR 325.6/100,000) 相比,出生在德国的美国男性的整体癌症死亡率明显较低 (ASMR 253.8/100,000).
- 男人对口腔癌,胃癌,结肠直肠癌,肝癌,肺癌和前列腺癌的SMR较低. 女性对口腔癌,胃癌,结肠直肠癌,胆囊癌,乳腺癌,子宫癌和癌的SMR较低.
- 在两种性别的膀癌和肺癌,非霍奇金淋巴瘤和德国出生的美国女性的子宫癌中观察到更高的SMR.
结论:
- 德国出生的美国男性的癌症死亡率低于德国的男性,而女性的癌症死亡率相比较低,但除了一些例外,女性的癌症死亡率相对较低.
- 差异可能归因于风险因素 (如吸烟,酒精),查,治疗机会和"健康移民效应"的变化.
相关概念视频
Cancer Survival Analysis
355
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
355
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
195
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
195
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
11.9K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
11.9K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
29
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
29
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K


