牧场和气候因素对草原生态系统中的生物多样性-生态系统运行关系的影响 - - 中国内蒙古典型草原的案例研究
Yiran Zhang1,2, Wuriliga1, Pengtao Liu3
1Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Conservation Ecology, Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China.
Frontiers in plant science
|January 8, 2024
概括
放牧强度会影响草原的生物多样性和生产力. 较高的牧场水平削弱了气候对生态系统的影响,但适度的牧场保持了物种多样性,影响了多样性-生产力关系.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 生物多样性对于草原生态系统的功能和生产力至关重要.
- 了解物种多样性维护机制指导牧场管理和生物多样性保护.
- 在中国内蒙古的西林戈尔草原作为一个模型生态系统.
研究的目的:
- 分析放牧强度和气候波动对草原物种多样性和地面生产力的影响.
- 在不同的干扰水平下,探索多样性和生产力之间的关系.
- 为各种生态对放牧和气候变化的反应提供解释.
主要方法:
- 一个放牧强度实验,有四个梯度级别:控制 (CK),轻 (LG),中等 (MG) 和高 (HG).
- 连续9年 (2014-2022) 进行多指标植被监测.
- 使用时间序列,相对湿度指数 (RMI),ANOVA,一般线性回归和混合效应模型分析监测数据.
主要成果:
- 控制 (CK) 呈现出最高的多样性和生产力,具有更强的抗旱能力.
- 气候对生产力和多样性的影响随着放牧强度的增加而减少.
- 轻度至中度放牧 (LG至MG) 保持了不变的物种多样性.
- 牧场通过修改资源可用性,社区结构和生态相互作用来改变多样性-生产力关系.
结论:
- 放牧强度显著影响草原生态系统对气候变化的反应.
- 适度放牧可以维持物种多样性,同时改变驱动多样性-生产率关系的机制.
- 了解这些动态是优化牧场管理和草原生物多样性保护的关键.
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