儿童上部胃肠道出血的年龄特定原因
Marija Kocic1, Petar Rasic2, Vuk Marusic3
1Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
World journal of gastroenterology
|January 8, 2024
概括
上胃肠道出血 (UGIB) 的原因因年龄和地区而异,需要量身定制的诊断和治疗. 了解这些变异是有效的临床管理和快速开始治疗的关键.
科学领域:
- 儿科胃肠病学 儿科胃肠病学
- 内部医学 内部医学
- 临床诊断 临床诊断 临床诊断
背景情况:
- 上部胃肠道出血 (UGIB) 的病因是多样化的,受患者年龄,地理位置和特定临床环境的影响.
- 原因范围从特定年龄的疾病,如新生儿维生素K缺乏,到所有年龄段的常见问题,如侵蚀性食道炎和胃炎.
- 全球发生率和UGIB的常见原因显示区域差异,西方国家主要看到非水原因,而水出血在南亚部分地区仍然普遍存在.
研究的目的:
- 阐明上部胃肠道出血 (UGIB) 的年龄依赖和地理变化的病因.
- 强调识别特定的UGIB病因对于准确的诊断和及时的治疗干预的重要性.
- 突出内镜在管理UGIB中的诊断和治疗作用.
主要方法:
- 对不同年龄组和全球地区上部胃肠道出血 (UGIB) 的原因和治疗现有文献的综述.
- 在包括北美,欧洲,中东和亚洲在内的各种地理区域分析UGIB的发病率和常见病因.
- 讨论诊断方法,强调内镜的作用和考虑不寻常的儿科病因.
主要成果:
- 在新生儿,婴儿,儿童和青少年之间,UGIB的原因有很大差异,有些重叠.
- 非水的原因 (侵蚀性食道炎,胃炎,) 在西方国家很常见,而水出血在南亚更为普遍.
- 血流是UGIB的强烈指标;严重出血可能源于静脉瘤,胃潰瘍或扩散的血管内凝血.
结论:
- 熟悉特定于年龄和区域的UGIB原因对于有效的临床指导,诊断测试和及时治疗至关重要.
- 基本的UGIB管理包括评估严重程度,确定原因,确保血液动力学稳定性和早期内镜评估.
- 内镜干预对于诊断和管理至关重要,最严重的耐火病例只能进行手术.
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