女性团队运动的比赛需求:一个范围审查
María L Pérez Armendáriz1, Konstaninos Spyrou1,2,3, Pedro E Alcaraz1,3
1UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Biology of sport
|January 8, 2024
概括
团队运动中的职业女运动员面临着很高的身体要求. 这篇评论量化了外部负载指标,如总距离,高速跑步,加速和减速在各种运动中.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 了解女性运动员的身体需求对于优化训练和预防伤害至关重要.
- 之前的研究往往集中在男性运动员身上,这使得对女性团队体育运动的知识存在差距.
- 本综述探讨了在职业女队体育运动中对体力炼的综合性描述的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和量化专业女性团队体育运动的外部负载需求.
- 描述包括总距离 (TD),中等速度运行 (MSR),高速运行 (HSR),加速 (ACC) 和减速 (DEC) 在内的指标.
- 为了比较这些需求在不同的体育运动,如足球,橄球,曲棍球,篮球,手球和足球.
主要方法:
- 采用了一个范围审查方法,搜索主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science) 到2023年4月.
- 包括86篇符合条件的文章,涵盖了各种职业女性团队体育运动.
- 用非随机化研究的偏差风险评估工具 (RoBANS) 来评估研究质量.
主要成果:
- 足球运动员表现出高的TD (~9500米) 与大量的HSR,ACC,DEC和冲刺计数.
- 橄球联盟和联盟球员比橄球七人组 (~1550米) 覆盖更多的距离 (~5450米),但橄球七人组在高速行动中更强烈.
- 田间曲棍球运动员表现出高的TD (~5400米) 与显著的高强度和冲刺行动. 篮球和手球等室内运动具有较低的TD,但具有特定的高强度需求.
结论:
- 职业女性团队运动需要大量的体力,特别是在足球,橄球和田间曲棍球比赛中.
- 需要对室内女性团队运动进行更多研究,以充分了解她们的身体需求.
- 这些发现为设计有针对性的训练计划和为女运动员提供有效的回归竞争战略提供了有价值的数据.
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