27胆固醇和DNA损伤修复:对前列腺癌的影响
Gloria Cecilia Galvan1, Nadine A Friedrich1, Sanjay Das1,2,3
1Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 8, 2024
概括
27-胆固醇 (27HC) 在前列腺癌 (PC) 细胞中诱导DNA损伤和"BRCAness",表明对PARP抑制剂的潜在敏感性. 恢复CYP27A1/27HC轴可能为PC提供一种新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 胆固醇平衡在前列腺癌 (PC) 中发生变化.
- 酶CYP27A1将胆固醇转化为27-胆固醇 (27HC),其损失在PC中很常见.
- 恢复CYP27A1/27HC轴以前已经被证明可以抑制PC生长.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究27HC介导的前列腺癌效应的潜在机制.
- 探索27HC对PC细胞中DNA损伤修复通路的影响.
- 评估人类PC数据集中CYP27A1表达和DNA修复基因特征之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 在体外对LNCaP (AR+) 和DU145 (AR-) PC细胞进行27HC的治疗.
- 使用微阵列和基因组丰富分析进行转录组概况.
- 在mRNA和蛋白质水平上验证关键基因变化,对DNA损伤进行彗星测试,并分析人类PC转录组.
主要成果:
- 27HC降低了DNA损伤修复通路的调节,并在LNCaP细胞中诱导了"BRCAness".
- 较高的CYP27A1表达与割敏感PC (CSPC) 中的DNA修复基因特征降低相关.
- 27HC在LNCaP细胞中增加了DNA损伤,与olaparib (一种PARP抑制剂) 结合时具有添加效应.
结论:
- 27HC诱导"BRCAness"和DNA损伤,可能增加对CSPC中PARP抑制剂的敏感性.
- CYP27A1/27HC轴代表前列腺癌的潜在治疗标.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索27HC在PC治疗合成致死性策略中的作用.
相关概念视频
Nucleotide Excision Repair
3.5K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.5K
Overview of DNA Repair
31.0K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
31.0K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
Mutations
37.7K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
37.7K
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.5K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.5K


