客观性,诚实和正直:美国科学家如何谈论他们的美德,1945-2000年
Kim M Hajek1, Herman Paul1, Sjang Ten Hagen2
1Leiden University, Netherlands.
History of science
|January 8, 2024
概括
美国科学家在物理学,心理学和历史方面都重视类似的美德,如谨慎和诚实. 这些个人品质和基于方法的资格符号塑造了科学话语和伦理.
科学领域:
- 科学社会学科学社会学
- 科学的历史科学的历史.
- 科学中的伦理学
背景情况:
- 了解科学家所期望的个人品质和美德对于科学道德至关重要.
- 对科学话语的历史分析揭示了学者们不断变化的期望.
研究的目的:
- 绘制美国科学家从1945年至2000年讨论的美德.
- 为了比较 across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across across
- 分析如何在教科书,评论和道德准则中表达美德.
主要方法:
- 科学美德谈论的比较分析.
- 审查纪律来源:教科书,书评和道德准则.
- 专注于战后的美国科学话语 (1945-2000).
主要成果:
- 科学家们一贯提及诸如谨慎,客观和诚实之类的美德.
- 德行适用于个人品质和科学方法 ("德行合格者").
- 在物理,心理学和历史的美德谱中显著的相似性.
结论:
- 战后的美国科学家们共享一种共同的美德语言,在个人和方法上应用.
- 虽然核心美德是共同的,但重点根据学科和类型而异.
- 建立了一个理解美德在科学话语中的作用的框架.
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