全聚类进化的分离阶段与重新合成的和天然的Capsella bursa-pastoris
Tianlin Duan1, Adrien Sicard2, Sylvain Glémin1,3
1Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
eLife
|January 8, 2024
概括
植物的全聚类进化包括短期的基因表达变化和长期的适应. 长期进化重塑了最初的变化,导致了自然allotetraploids的显著形态和自我综合征特征.
科学领域:
- 植物进化生物学 植物进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子进化是分子进化的过程.
背景情况:
- 全基因组复制 (WGD) 和杂交的结合,是植物进化的一个关键过程.
- 了解初始基因组相互作用和长期进化的不同作用对于破译全聚类轨迹至关重要.
- 卡普塞拉 (Capsella) 属提供了一个模型系统,用于研究多化后的快速进化变化.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自然和再合成的囊类生物中的表型和转录组变化.
- 为了区分短期 (再合成) 与长期 (自然进化) 过程的贡献.
- 调查表达水平主导性 (ELD),过度表达 (TRE) 和同质表达偏差 (HEB) 在全聚类动物中.
主要方法:
- 在自然和再合成的囊性全四倍体和它们的双倍体父母中进行表型特征分析.
- 转录形状分析以评估基因表达模式,包括ELD,TRE和HEB.
- 早期阶段 (再合成) 与晚期 (自然) 多类生物进化的比较.
主要成果:
- 长期进化显著塑造了自然allotetraploids中的自我综合症,花粉和种子质量.
- 超越表达 (TRE) 和大多数下调的ELD主要在自然的全四类动物中观察到.
- 虽然最初的基因表达变化发生得很快 (40%的ELD重新合成),但长期进化进一步改变了这些模式,同质突触有助于HEB变异.
结论:
- 无论是短期还是长期的进化机制,都会促进囊类全聚类动物的转录组和表型多样化.
- 长期的进化过程对于完善最初的基因表达变化和建立像自我综合症这样的复杂特征至关重要.
- 再合成的全四类动物中的同源性突触突出了自然种群中持续存在的基因变异的潜在来源.
相关概念视频
Formation of Species
39.3K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
39.3K
Crossing Over
146.9K
Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...
146.9K
Separation of Sister Chromatids
3.6K
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
3.6K
Meiosis I
193.6K
Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by...
193.6K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
Genetics of Speciation
19.3K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.3K


