在治疗6个月以下婴儿生长迟缓的关键研究缺陷:系统性审查和元分析
Cecília Tomori1,2, Deborah L O'Connor3, Mija Ververs4
1Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|January 8, 2024
概括
很少有干预措施来解决婴儿生长在六个月以下不稳定的问题. 这次审查发现,支持补充牛奶而不是母乳养的证据有限,强调需要研究优先考虑为婴儿营养不良提供哺乳支持.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 全球数以百万计的婴儿患有发育迟缓和消耗,增长迟缓通常与贫困和边缘化有关.
- 对于六个月以下婴儿增长失速的干预措施很少,这一差距由COVID-19大流行的经济影响加剧.
- 哺乳对婴儿营养至关重要,但在增长阻碍干预中经常被忽视.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估使用补充奶的六个月以下婴儿增长迟缓的干预措施.
- 与其他方法相比,评估补充牛奶在解决幼儿营养不良方面的有效性.
- 确定研究缺口,并为未来的策略提供信息,以打击婴儿生长迟缓.
主要方法:
- 一项系统性审查和元分析,遵循美国国家医学院的指导方针.
- 选了10,405个引用,其中227个被评估为全文可选.
- 包括两个随机对照试验,样本规模小,偏差风险高.
主要成果:
- 一项试验显示,与婴儿配方奶粉相比,F-100/稀释F-100的体重增加较高;另一项试验发现没有显著差异.
- 分析表明,补充牛奶和婴儿配方奶粉之间的体重增加率没有统计差异,具有中等的异质性.
- 包含的研究在概括性上有局限性,并且没有全面评估哺乳支持.
结论:
- 缺乏有效的干预措施来治疗六个月以下婴儿的发育不稳定.
- 目前的证据并不强烈支持补充牛奶在这个年龄组的母乳养.
- 增加研究投资至关重要,重点是整合婴儿营养不良的全面哺乳支持的框架.
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