在南亚环境中慢性非传染性疾病的自我管理:一个系统的混合研究审查
Faraz Siddiqui1, Catherine Hewitt1,2, Hannah Jennings1,3
1Department of Health Sciences, Mental Health and Addictions Research Group, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
PLOS global public health
|January 8, 2024
概括
在南亚,非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的自我管理受收入,教育和健康知识等社会决定因素的影响. 通过整体系统方法解决这些因素可以改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康的社会决定因素
- 非传染性疾病 非传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 构成了全球重大健康挑战,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 有效的自我管理对于减轻非传染性疾病的影响至关重要.
- 了解在南亚等不同环境中自我管理的决定因素至关重要,但人们对其了解甚少.
研究的目的:
- 确定和探索影响南亚非传染性疾病自我管理的决定因素.
- 为开发有针对性的干预措施提供见解,以加强该地区的自我管理.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统的混合研究审查,搜索主要的电子数据库.
- 包括专注于心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,慢性呼吸道疾病和抑郁症的研究.
- 用混合方法方法提取和综合数据,在健康社会决定因素委员会框架内整合定量和定性发现.
主要成果:
- 关键决定因素包括结构因素 (年龄,教育,收入),心理社会因素 (知识,社会支持,自我效能),生物因素 (疾病持续时间,并发症) 和卫生系统因素 (药品负担能力).
- 经济逆境和社会/物理环境显著塑造了自我管理.
- 大多数包括的研究来自城市环境,专注于糖尿病和心血管疾病.
结论:
- 南亚的自我管理受到结构性和中间社会决定因素的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 建议采用多组件,整体系统的方法来改善自我管理.
- 关键干预措施应侧重于患者赋权,教育,量身定制的行为计划和增强的医疗保健支持.
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