当地的物种丰富性和物种流动的特殊模式定义了全球生物多样性热点
Jesper Sonne1, Carsten Rahbek1,2,3,4,5
1Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
概括
热带山脉拥有多种多样的鸟类. 最高的物种丰富度和交换量并不总是重叠,因气候和息地而异,但很少有地区表现出两者,创造了主要的生物多样性热点.
科学领域:
- 生物多样性研究的研究.
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 热带山脉被公认为全球生物多样性热点.
- 高种类丰富和物种交换是这些热点的关键特征.
- 人们普遍认为,这两个因素 (财富和营业额) 在同一个山区相吻合.
研究的目的:
- 测试高物种丰富度和高物种周转率在同一热带山区汇聚的假设.
- 为了确定特定的环境因素驱动物种丰富和营业额的模式.
- 根据丰富性和营业额确定全球鸟类生物多样性热点.
主要方法:
- 使用了9788种鸟类的高分辨率分布数据.
- 分析了来自全球134个山区的数据.
- 比较了本地物种丰富度最高的地区与物种交换量最高的地区.
主要成果:
- 具有最高本地物种丰富度的山区不同于具有最高物种周转率的山区.
- 富裕的地区通常有森林息地和潮湿的热带气候.
- 周转率高的地区更冷,更干燥,有更多的开放息地.
- 高财富和高营业额的全球趋同发生在极少数具有广泛气候体积和地形异质性的地区.
- 这些少数地区代表着鸟类生物多样性最重要的全球热点.
结论:
- 假设在热带山区物种丰富和物种周转之间存在趋同,这一假设并不普遍.
- 不同的气候和息地因素推动了物种丰富和物种流动的不同模式.
- 确定真正的全球生物多样性热点需要独立考虑丰富性和营业额以及它们的融合点.
- 关于区域物种丰富性的传统分析可能会忽视生物多样性热点的细微驱动因素.
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