社会支持和认知活动及其与认知正常的老年人认知障碍的关联
Tianpei Ma1, Jiaqiang Liao1, Yuguo Ye2
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
BMC geriatrics
|January 8, 2024
概括
强有力的社会支持和认知活动显著降低了老年人认知障碍的风险. 认知活动部分调解了这种保护作用,突出了它在维持大脑健康方面的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知障碍对全球老龄化人口构成重大公共卫生挑战.
- 了解社会支持和认知活动等可修改因素对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会支持,认知活动和全国范围的中国老年人群认知障碍发生率之间的关系.
- 检查认知活动在社会支持和认知障碍之间的关联中扮演的调解角色.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国长度健康长寿调查 (CLHLS) (2008-2018) 的9394名老年人 (≥65岁) 的数据.
- 通过问卷评估社会支持和认知活动;使用迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 确定认知障碍.
- 采用Cox比例危险回归和因果调解模型来分析关联和调解效应.
主要成果:
- 增加的社会支持 (HR=0.956) 和认知活动 (HR=0.895) 与认知障碍的风险降低有关.
- 社会支持与认知活动正相关 (调整后的β=0.046).
- 在社会支持与认知障碍发生率之间的关联中,认知活动占11.4%-12.6%,特别是在80岁以上或有轻度功能限制的人群中.
结论:
- 社会支持和认知活动独立地与中国老年人认知障碍的发病率较低有关.
- 认知活动起到重要的调解作用,放大了社会支持的保护作用.
- 研究结果支持开发综合社会和认知干预措施,以预防老年人的认知衰退.
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