相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

关于现实主义和虚构主义的兼容性:对苏亚雷斯的提议作出回应

Nélida Gentile¹, Susana Lucero¹

¹University of Buenos Aires, Department of Philosophy, Puán 480, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Studies in history and philosophy of science

|January 9, 2024

概括

这项研究挑战了毛里西奥·苏亚雷斯 (Mauricio Suárez) 的观点,即科幻小说主义与科学现实主义相容. 虚构主义,一种对科学建模的方法论方法,在考虑语义,认识和形而上学方面时,被认为会与现实主义产生紧张关系.

科学领域:

科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
科学现实主义科学现实主义
虚构主义虚构主义

背景情况:

毛里西奥·苏亚雷斯 (Mauricio Suárez) 在科学现实主义与反现实主义辩论中主张虚构主义的中立性.
苏亚雷斯将虚构主义视为科学模型构建的方法论工具,与其他哲学领域不同.
他强调了小说在科学建模中的推断作用,遵循Vaihinger的想法.

研究的目的:

批判性地评估苏亚雷斯对科幻小说主义与科学现实主义的兼容性辩护.
挑战虚构主义作为科学话语中普遍适用的方法论工具的概念.
通过考虑更深层次的哲学方面,重新审视科学现实主义和虚构主义之间的关系.

主要方法:

分析苏亚雷斯关于虚构主义和科学现实主义的论点.
批评苏亚雷斯的小说主义的方法论和通缩方面.
检查现实主义-反现实主义辩论的语义,认识和形而上学的维度.

主要成果:

拒绝虚构在科学话语中无处不在的角色.
不同意苏亚雷斯对科学现实主义的通缩观点.
在考虑更深层次的哲学方面时,识别科学现实主义和虚构主义之间的内在紧张关系.

结论:

苏亚雷斯关于科学现实主义和虚构主义兼容性的立场受到质疑.
据称的中立性和兼容性受到语义,认识论和形而上学的考量所挑战.
科学现实主义和虚构主义之间存在着紧张关系,这与苏亚雷斯的方法论观点相反.

关键词:

虚构主义虚构主义仪器主义仪器主义毛里西奥·苏亚雷斯毛里西奥·苏亚雷斯实用主义的实用主义科学现实主义科学现实主义

更多相关视频

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Published on: June 21, 2019

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

相关概念视频

The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method

Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.

Structuralism

Structuralism

Structuralism, an early psychological theory developed by Wilhelm Wundt and his student Edward Bradford Titchener, sought to dissect the human mind into its most fundamental components. Wundt's groundbreaking work in his laboratory set the stage for Titchener to define structuralism's goal as cataloging the "atoms" of the mind—sensations, images, and feelings—akin to how chemists identify elements of matter.
Titchener's approach to structuralism was unique. He...

Functionalism

Functionalism

William James, John Dewey, and Charles Sanders Peirce were instrumental in founding functional psychology, which draws heavily from Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. This theory suggests that individual traits, including behaviors, are adapted to their environments through natural selection. At the heart of functionalism is the concept of adaptation, meaning that a trait enhances an individual's chances of survival and reproduction.
James envisioned psychology's...

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
The null hypothesis, denoted by H0 is a statement of no difference between the variables—they are not related. This can often be considered the status quo. As a result if you cannot accept the null, it requires some action.
The alternative hypothesis, denoted by H1 or Ha, is a claim about the...

Reason and Intuition

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...