埃塞俄比亚的学校养:一个范围审查
Samson Mideksa1, Tsegaye Getachew2, Firmaye Bogale2
1Knowledge Translation Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P O Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. samkmwmtj@gmail.com.
BMC public health
|January 9, 2024
概括
埃塞俄比亚的学校养计划在儿童营养和学业表现方面显示出混合的结果. 虽然一些研究表明有好处,但食品质量和资金不佳阻碍了进步,需要进一步的研究和政策支持.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 营养不良是发展中国家,特别是撒哈拉以南非洲的重要公共卫生问题,影响儿童的成长和体重.
- 1994年在埃塞俄比亚启动了利用诸如玉米-大豆混合物和植物油等资源的学校养计划,以打击儿童营养不良.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,绘制埃塞俄比亚学校养计划的现有证据.
- 评估这些计划在管理和改善儿童营养状况方面的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 该审查遵循了阿克西和奥马利的方法框架,并补充了Levac和同事的建议.
- 在多个数据库 (ERIC,3ie,Cochrane,MEDLINE,Google Scholar) 和灰色文献来源中进行了搜索,截至2023年4月26日.
- 包括的研究评估了埃塞俄比亚学校食的营养和教育影响,无论设计如何;排除的是缺乏科学方法的报告.
主要成果:
- 包括27项具有不同设计 (横截面,队列,实验,定性) 的研究.
- 关于学校养计划的研究结果是不确定的;一些报告对BMI,身高,体重和上学率产生积极影响,而另一些则对缩,学业成绩或入学率没有影响.
- 发现的负面因素包括食品质量差和财务限制;没有发现关于计划覆盖范围的数据.
结论:
- 学校养计划在营养状况和学业成绩方面呈现出不同的结果.
- 由于食品质量不佳和财务限制,计划的有效性受到阻碍,这凸显了需要更具结论性的研究的必要性.
- 维持这些计划需要国家政策支持,专门的预算拨款,以及进一步调查埃塞俄比亚的计划覆盖范围.
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