改善对肠道感染的职业健康监测
Alice E White1, Rachel H Jervis2, Elisha Wilson2
1Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Zoonoses and public health
|January 10, 2024
概括
通过将特定的动物暴露变量纳入科罗拉多州,改善了对职业动物病的公共卫生监测.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
背景情况:
- 来自牲畜水库的肠道病原体带来了职业风险.
- 目前的公共卫生监测不足以解决工作场所对动物传染病的暴露.
- 现有的监测经常优先考虑传播风险和工人排除,而不是暴露评估.
研究的目的:
- 通过开发和整合新的数据变量来加强对职业动物病的监测.
- 在公共卫生监测系统中评估职业和暴露数据的质量和完整性.
- 将动物性传染病中的职业暴露与非动物性传染病和一般就业数据进行比较.
主要方法:
- 将专家开发的职业,行业和暴露的变量集成到科罗拉多州的监控系统中 (2017年).
- 接受采访的病例中实验室证实了动物性传染病 (Campylobacter,Cryptosporidium,大肠杆菌,沙门氏菌) 和非动物性传染病对照 (Shigella).
- 将报告的动物暴露职业和行业与劳工统计局的就业数据进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 明确询问职业和动物暴露风险可以提高数据质量和准确性.
- 13%的受雇病例报告了经常接触动物的工作;14%报告了经常接触动物的行业.
- 暴露于动物的职业在男性和农村/边境县居民中更为常见,并且报告的频率高于西格拉病例或一般人口.
结论:
- 改善肠道动物病的监测需要在职业和传染病领域开展综合公共卫生工作.
- 确定特定的职业暴露对于制定有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
- 加强对工作场所暴露的数据收集可以更好地保护工人免受动物传播疾病的侵害.
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