自闭症和非自闭症个体在情绪化面部处理过程中表现出相同的杏仁体活动
Benedikt P Langenbach1,2, Dominik Grotegerd3, Peter C R Mulders4,5
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, LVR-University-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstr. 174, 45147, Essen, Germany. Benedikt.Langenbach@lvr.de.
Molecular autism
|January 10, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中的大脑差异可能不涉及在情绪识别过程中桃体的激活. 这项研究发现,自闭症和非自闭症个体处理情绪面部之间的杏仁体反应没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展科学 发展科学
背景情况:
- 与非自闭症个体相比,自闭症个体往往表现出不同的情感感知和表达.
- 之前的理论提出桃体功能改变,特别是低活化,是导致自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 情绪识别困难的原因.
- 支持ASD中杏仁体低活化假设的经验证据是不一致的,通常受到小样本大小的限制.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查在情绪化面部处理过程中杏仁体的激活是否在自闭症和非自闭症参与者之间有所不同.
- 为了检查同时发生的心理健康状况 (抑郁症,多动症,焦虑症) 对ASD个体桃体激活模式的影响.
- 在自闭症谱系障碍的背景下,评估功能障碍水平和杏仁体激活之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用哈里里范式,一个功能神经成像任务,来测量杏仁核激活.
- 招募了72名自闭症和79名非自闭症参与者的样本.
- 分析了fMRI数据,以比较面部情绪处理期间的杏仁体反应,控制并发性精神障碍和功能障碍.
主要成果:
- 当在情感面部处理过程中比较自闭症和非自闭症参与者时,没有发现杏仁体激活的显著差异.
- 同时出现的精神障碍和整体功能障碍水平无法解释桃体激活的任何观察到的差异.
- 这些发现并不支持自闭症谱系障碍中桃体低活化改变的假设.
结论:
- 这项研究挑战了关于自闭症和非自闭症个体之间杏仁体处理情绪面部的实质性差异的普遍观念.
- 结果表明,需要对自闭症谱系障碍中的情绪处理差异有更细致的理解.
- 未来的研究应该探索在自闭症中情感感知背后的替代神经机制和认知过程.
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