不同的红三叶草基因型的植物化学组成基于植物部分和遗传特征
Mira Mikulić1, Milica Atanacković Krstonošić1, Nebojša Kladar1
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2024
概括
红三叶草的叶子富含异黄,在四类品种中发现的含量更高. 花的提取物表现出强烈的抗氧化活性,表明 ploidy 影响了这个重要的豆类中的植物化学含量.
科学领域:
- 植物化学 植物化学
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 营养保健品 营养保健品
背景情况:
- 红三叶草 (Trifolium pratense L.) 是一种因其异黄含量而受到重视的豆类,具有轻微的雌激素活性.
- 这些异黄使红三叶草成为更年期管理食补充剂的关键成分.
- 遗传因素显著影响异黄水平,需要研究基因型变异.
研究的目的:
- 分析30种红三叶草基因型的植物化学特征,重点关注异黄,总含量 (TPC) 和抗氧化活性.
- 为了评估不同植物部位 (叶子,花) 和基因型之间的变异,基于 ploidy 和原产国.
- 为了确定遗传因素,特别是 ploidy 和种子来源,对红三叶草的植物化学成分的影响.
主要方法:
- 对30种红三叶草基因型进行了植物化学分析,分类是按种类 (二倍体,四倍体) 和种子来源.
- 在各种植物部位中定量占主导地位的异黄 (biochanin A,daidzein,genistein,formononetin).
- 测量总含量 (TPC) 和评估红三叶草提取物中的抗氧化活性.
主要成果:
- 在植物部分中观察到植物化学特征的显著差异; 叶子表现出最高的总异黄含量 (由生物素A主导),而花朵显示出最高的TPC和抗氧化活性.
- 与双胞胎基因型相比,红三叶草四体基因型中含有显著更高的戴氏素,基因素,甲素和TPC.
- 种子原产国没有被证明是区分分析的植物化学特征的重要因素.
结论:
- 化水平是一个关键的,以前被低估的因素,影响红三叶草中异黄积累和整体植物化学特征.
- 红三叶草的叶子是异黄的主要来源,而花朵对TPC和抗氧化能力有很大的贡献.
- 对于增强红三叶草营养药物的未来育种策略,应考虑为优化异黄和含量而进行性操纵.
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