饮食和体育活动对脂肪与瘦身质量比的影响
Elvira Padua1, Massimiliano Caprio1,2, Alessandra Feraco1,2
1Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients
|January 11, 2024
概括
个性化的低热量地中海饮食 (MD) 有效地减少了脂肪质量 (FM),但仅与卡路里赤字的相关性很小. 增加体力活动强度对身体成分 (BC) 有积极影响,年龄和性别影响结果.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 身体组成分析 身体成分分析
背景情况:
- 饮食干预对于管理身体成分至关重要.
- 地中海饮食 (MD) 以其健康益处而闻名.
- 了解个性化的低热量饮食对脂肪质量 (FM) 和无脂肪质量 (FFM) 的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估个性化的低热量地中海饮食 (MD) 在减少脂肪质量 (FM) 的有效性,同时保持无脂肪质量 (FFM).
- 调查热量减少,体力活动强度和身体组成 (BC) 变化之间的关系.
- 探索个体因素 (如年龄,性别和BMI) 对饮食反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性研究,涉及100名高加索成年人 (18-65岁).
- 参与者在两个月内接受了量身定制的低热量MD.
- 身体组成 (BC) 的变化被评估使用Δ%的FM-to-FFM比率;能源消耗用多传感器腕带测量.
主要成果:
- 观察到显著的脂肪量 (FM) 减少 (平均 5%,p < 0.001).
- 热量减少与 Δ% FM-to-FFM比率 (r = -0.03,p > 0.05) 呈现出弱负相关性.
- 增加的体力活动强度 (MET值) 和女性更高的蛋白质摄入量和运动强度/持续时间与改善的BC.正相关.
结论:
- 一个个性化的低热量MD可以减少脂肪质量 (FM),但效果与身体活动强度相比,仅仅与卡路里赤字有关.
- 年龄影响肌肉质量变化,30岁以上的个体显示增加.
- 年龄,性别,BMI和饮食成分 (纤维,蛋白质) 等个人因素与饮食和运动复杂地相互作用,影响身体成分 (BC).
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