抚养婴儿以预防亚托皮炎和食物过敏:一项纵向研究
Emilia Vassilopoulou1, Dimitrios Rallis2, Gregorio Paolo Milani1,3
1Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
母亲吸烟和较大的兄弟姐妹史增加婴儿亚托皮性皮炎 (AD) 的风险. 在阿尔茨海默病的婴儿中,剖腹产和未经指导的食物排泄增加了食物过敏的风险. 早期干预是关键的.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 过敏学 过敏学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 婴儿期的亚托皮炎 (AD) 往往先于食物过敏,影响全球数百万人.
- 对阿尔茨海默症和随后的食物过敏的产前和产后风险因素需要进一步阐明.
- 了解早期生活影响对于预防过敏疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿期亚托皮性皮炎 (AD) 的流行病学.
- 为了确定与AD发展相关的产前和产后风险因素.
- 检查早期生活因素与晚期出现食物过敏之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究包括2019年1月至12月的501名婴儿.
- 长度数据是通过在出生时和分娩后24~36个月的母亲采访收集的.
- 数据包括人口统计,家族史,母亲吸烟,使用抗生素,分娩方式,母乳养,饮食习惯和早期绿色暴露.
主要成果:
- 怀孕期间母亲的吸烟和较大的兄弟姐妹的亚托皮病史与AD发病率有显著的联系 (p=0.001,p=0.03).
- 剖腹产分娩 (p=0.04) 和未指导的食物排泄 (p=0.02) 与患有AD的婴儿的食物过敏风险增加有关.
- 家庭花园的存在与阿尔茨海默病的更高可能性相关 (p=0.01).
结论:
- 促进及时引入过敏性食物和饮食多样性,以及母亲戒烟和专业的饮食指导,可以降低AD和食物过敏的风险.
- 未来的研究应该探索绿色暴露在AD和食物过敏的发展中的作用.
- 基于已识别的风险因素的有针对性的干预措施对于预防至关重要.
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