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优化低技术保护结构和灌制度,用于印度炎热干旱地区的黄瓜生产
Pradeep Kumar1, Pratapsingh S Khapte1,2, Akath Singh3
1ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2024
概括
与幕屋相比,自然通风的多户住宅 (NVP) 在干旱地区提供更高的黄瓜产量. 在NVP中适度的缺水灌可以提高产量和水生产率,这对于可持续的蔬菜生产至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 园艺园艺 园艺园艺
- 适应气候变化的农业
背景情况:
- 水的稀缺性和气候的变化显著挑战干旱地区的蔬菜生产.
- 保护的种植系统对于在恶劣的气候条件下确保蔬菜的持续供应至关重要.
- 低技术,被动通风结构为资源有限的地区的可持续农业提供了可行的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同低技术保护结构和灌水平在印度炎热干旱气候下对温室黄瓜生产的有效性.
- 确定保护种植和水资源管理的最佳组合,以最大限度地提高黄瓜的产量和用水效率.
主要方法:
- 一项为期两年的研究评估了三种被动通风结构:自然通风的多层建筑 (NVP),防虫屏幕建筑 (IPS) 和阴影屏幕建筑 (SHS).
- 测试了三种灌水平:100%,80%和60%的蒸发透气 (ET).
- 分析了黄瓜的形态生理特征,产量组成部分和水果质量参数.
主要成果:
- 自然通风的多房 (NVP) 显著优于IPS和SHS,分别产出31%和121%更多的黄瓜,这是由于水果数量和重量增加.
- 在NVP中,温和的缺水 (20%的缺口) 导致产量高于IPS或SHS的良好灌条件.
- 水产生产率随着水资源短缺的严重程度而增加,在所有灌级别的NVP中最高,比IPS和SHS提高20%和94%.
结论:
- 自然通风的多户住宅 (NVP) 是最适合的低技术保护结构,用于在炎热干旱地区增强黄瓜生产.
- 在NVP中,优化灌,包括适度的20%的缺水,可以实现令人满意的产量并提高用水效率.
- 这些发现为农民和研究人员提供了关键的见解,旨在在干旱和水资源有限的条件下促进蔬菜生产.
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