用植物替代品取代牛奶对摄入量的影响:饮食建模研究
Katie Nicol1, Anne P Nugent2, Jayne V Woodside2,3
1Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
European journal of nutrition
|January 11, 2024
概括
用植物性牛奶替代品 (PBMA) 取代牛奶可以显著降低摄入量,特别是在未加固的选择中. PBMAs的强化水平至关重要,以最大限度地减少对人口水平的影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食摄入量研究 饮食摄入量研究
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 牛奶是英国的主要来源.
- 越来越多的植物性牛奶替代品 (PBMA) 消费引发了人们对摄入的担忧,因为PBMA通常是未加固的.
- 本研究评估了PBMA消费对水平的营养影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估用PBMA取代牛奶对不同年龄组摄入量的影响.
- 确定PBMA中必要的强化水平,以减轻潜在的缺乏症.
- 分析摄入量低于最低参考营养摄入量 (LRNI) 的个体比例.
主要方法:
- 利用了英国国家饮食和营养调查 (2016-2019) 的数据.
- 使用不同的PBMA强化水平 (0-45微克/100毫升) 的饮食建模场景.
- 摄入量的计算变化以及与通常饮食相比,摄入量不足或过多的个体的比例.
主要成果:
- 用未强化或低强化PBMAs取代牛奶显著降低了摄入量 (例如,在1.5-3岁儿童中减少了58%).
- 摄入量低于LRNI的个体比例在女孩 (11-18岁) 和生育年龄妇女 (WRA) 中大幅增加.
- 强化为27.4μg/100mL的PBMA对减少摄入的影响最小.
结论:
- 用PBMA替代牛奶可以导致人口摄入量减少,这取决于强化水平.
- 建议使用含有22.5至<45微克/100毫升的强化PBMA来最大限度地减少对状态的不良影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解完全替代乳制品对摄入量的影响.
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