长期COVID表现为T细胞失调,炎症和对SARS-CoV-2无协调的适应性免疫反应
Kailin Yin1,2, Michael J Peluso3, Xiaoyu Luo1,2
1Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nature immunology
|January 11, 2024
概括
长期COVID涉及免疫失调和全身炎症,T和B细胞反应在感染后八个月失效. 这项研究揭示了导致长期COVID症状的重要免疫系统失衡.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 长期COVID (LC) 影响超过10%的SARS-CoV-2感染后的个人.
- 长期COVID的确切原因在很大程度上是未知的.
- 了解LC病因对于开发有效的治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在长期COVID患者中深入描述全球和SARS-CoV-2特异性免疫反应.
- 研究LC中的免疫失调和全身炎症.
- 探索长期COVID中细胞和幽默免疫之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 利用"omic"试验和血清学来分析LC和非LC个体的血液样本.
- 评估免疫细胞子集,包括T细胞分布和特定的T和B细胞反应.
- 定量SARS-CoV-2抗体和评估免疫细胞功能感染后8个月.
主要成果:
- 长期COVID患者表现出全身炎症和免疫失调.
- 观察到T细胞子集分布和性别特异性免疫干扰的显著差异.
- LC个体显示CD4+ T细胞增加,向炎症组织和耗尽SARS-CoV-2特异性的CD8+ T细胞.
- 检测到较高的SARS-CoV-2抗体水平和SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞和B细胞反应之间的协调不当.
结论:
- 长期COVID的特点是系统性炎症和免疫失调.
- 细胞和幽默适应性免疫之间的不适当的交叉声会导致LC.
- 免疫系统失衡可能导致与长期COVID相关的衰弱症状.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
789
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
789
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
739
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
739
T Cell Types and Functions
1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
68.3K
Overview
68.3K
Immunodeficiency Diseases
941
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
941
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.7K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.7K


