调查基于正念的注意力训练在应用环境中对心灵漫游的保护作用
Malena M Price1, Anthony P Zanesco1, Ekaterina Denkova1
1Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|January 12, 2024
概括
基于正念的注意力训练 (MBAT) 有效地减少了思想的流浪,并提高了注意力. 这个简短的程序显示出在各种环境中实施的前景,需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 思想的流浪,以注意力漂移为特征,会对表现和幸福感产生负面影响.
- 正念训练 (MT) 已经显示出减轻心灵流浪的潜力.
- 在应用环境中实施MT程序的挑战需要研究可适应的,简短的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个手动化的,适应环境的简短形式的MT程序,基于正念的注意力训练 (MBAT),对思维流浪的影响.
- 通过对早期研究进行内部元分析,提供MBAT疗效的初步证据.
- 评估MBAT在各种组织环境中实施的可行性.
主要方法:
- 五项纵向研究的内部元分析,涉及304名跨组织队列的参与者.
- 在基线和4周后随访时,评估自我报告的思维漂泊和元意识,以及性能指标 (SART上的准确性和响应时间变化).
- 对比MBAT参与者的变化与没有培训的对照组.
主要成果:
- MBAT显著降低了自我报告的思维游荡 (ΔSMC = -0.387,p < 0.001) 和元意识 (ΔSMC = -0.374,p < 0.001).
- 性能指标也显示出显著的改善,反应时间变化减少 (ICV; ΔSMC = -0.376, p = 0.043).
- 这些发现表明MBAT对主观和客观注意力测量有保护作用.
结论:
- MBAT展示了初步的概念验证,用于减少思维漂泊和提高注意力.
- 该计划的适应性表明了在应用和组织环境中广泛实施的潜力.
- 建议使用更大的样本大小和随机控制设计进行进一步的研究,以确认MBAT的有效性.
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