评估使用SWMM的多目标方法运行的住宅规模拘留的有效性
Shiping Wang1, Jianlong Wang2, Chonghua Xue2
1Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Ministry of Education), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
概括
住宅雨水 (SWDT) 在雨水收集方面实现了高容量捕获比率. 通过实时控制优化SWDT操作,可提高水的再利用和洪水控制效率.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 城市水文学 城市水文学
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 低影响发展 (LID) 措施,如住宅雨水 (SWDT),对于管理城市降雨至关重要.
- SWDT的操作特性显著影响其在捕获和利用雨水方面的有效性.
- 了解这些特征是优化雨水收集和洪水减缓策略的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较SWDT的不同多目标操作策略的年度降雨量捕获比率 (VCRAR).
- 分析运营计划和回报期对SWDT的峰值流量减少 (PFR) 率的影响.
- 评估提高SWDTs的容量利用效率的策略,用于雨水再利用和洪水迁移.
主要方法:
- 在北京的案例研究中使用了一种雨水管理模型.
- 对比了四种多目标操作策略:所冲洗 (TF),绿地灌 (GSI),TF和GSI组合 (TF-GSI) 和峰值流量减少 (PFR).
- 分析了不同回报期对SWDT性能和PFR有效性的影响.
主要成果:
- 对于TF,GSI和TF-GSI的VCRAR分别为89.05%,77.16%和91.21%.
- PFR率随着回报期的增加而增加,在10年回报期达到71.47%.
- 在回归期低于10年时,SWDT没有达到最大容量;超出容量,溢出量迅速增加.
结论:
- SWDT的操作策略显著影响了VCRAR和PFR的有效性.
- 将实时控制与SWDT操作集成,可以优化雨水再利用和洪水迁移.
- 增强的运营策略对于最大限度地提高SWDT的体积利用效率至关重要.
相关概念视频
Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
1.1K
Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
1.1K
Typical Model Studies
359
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
359
Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
179
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
179
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
47
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
47
Weir: Problem Solving
51
Water flow in open channels is often measured using hydraulic structures such as weirs, which allow precise calculation of discharge. In a rectangular channel, flow rates are measured using three types of weirs: rectangular sharp-crested, triangular sharp-crested, and broad-crested. The weir head is set at a fixed height above the channel bottom, simplifying calculations and enabling the relationship between depth and flow rate to be analyzed.For the rectangular sharp-crested weir, the flow...
51
Modeling and Similitude
267
Scaled modeling is a fundamental technique in engineering, enabling the study of large and complex systems by creating smaller, manageable replicas that recreate critical characteristics of the original. In hydrology and civil infrastructure, for example, scaled models of dams help analyze water flow, turbulence, and pressure. This method allows for accurate predictions of real-world behavior within a controlled environment, significantly reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale...
267


