跨语言和跨方言感知的变化. 爱尔兰和中国移民如何处理澳大利亚英语元音
Chloé Diskin-Holdaway1, Debbie Loakes1, Josh Clothier1
1School of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Phonetica
|January 12, 2024
概括
母语和第二语言听众对澳大利亚英语元音的分类不同,受他们的第一语言 (L1) 和方言 (D1) 的影响. 曝光有助于绘制地图,但不会重组语音类别.
科学领域:
- 语音学和语音学 语音学和语音学
- 获得第二语言的学习.
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
背景情况:
- 听众体验显著影响第二语言 (L2) 和第二方言 (D2) 语音的感知.
- 了解非母语听众如何对元音进行分类对于L2语音理解和学习至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查母语英语 (L1/D1) 听众,经验丰富的L2英语听众和经验丰富的D2听众如何对澳大利亚英语 (AusE) 松的前音进行分类.
- 检查语音上下文 (coarticulation) 和外语因素对不同听众群体元音分类的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个强迫选择分类任务使用合成的母音继续.
- 刺激包括在 /hVt/, /hVl/ 和 /mVl/ 语境中的宽松前元音 /ɪe æ/ .
- 参与者包括澳大利亚的母语英语,爱尔兰的D2听众和中国的L2听众.
主要成果:
- 本地AUSE听众表现出可预测的分类,受coarticulation的影响 (鼻腔发作升高,侧面降低).
- 爱尔兰 (D2) 和中国 (L2) 听众的分类与母语者不同,反映了L1/D1的影响.
- 虽然共同发音对D2/L2群体的影响相似,但中国听众表现出更大的困难和更少的同意.
- 对于中国听众来说,英语水平与更像澳大利亚人的分类无关;对于某些刺激来说,同族人的社交网络规模减少与更像澳大利亚人的分类有关.
结论:
- 在L2/D2语境中的元音分类主要由本地语音类别驱动.
- 增加暴露可以改善感知映射,但不会从根本上重组底层的语音类别.
- 外语因素,如社交网络组成,可能在L2/D2感知中发挥作用,这表明语言和社会影响的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:27Language and Cognition
346
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
346
01:25Factors Affecting Perception
1.6K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.6K
02:16Surveys
14.8K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.8K
01:21Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
214
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
214
01:01Perception of Sound Waves
4.5K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.5K
01:11Variability: Analysis
143
Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
143