对乳牛的特定数字性皮肤炎诊断进行遗传评估和全基因组关联研究,考虑基因型 × 住房系统相互作用
Niklas Sölzer1, Kerstin Brügemann1, Tong Yin1
1Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
Journal of dairy science
|January 12, 2024
概括
这项研究调查了两种住房系统中的母牛的数字皮肤炎 (DD),发现了最小的基因型-住房相互作用. DD特征的遗传参数相似,这表明住房系统对这种爪疾病的遗传评估有很小的影响.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
背景情况:
- 数字性皮肤炎 (DD) 是乳牛的一种重大爪疾病,影响动物福利和农场经济.
- 了解住房系统对DD易感性和遗传成分的影响,对于有效的管理和育种策略至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明关于DD的牛基因型和不同住房环境之间的潜在相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 在两个不同的住房系统中调查数字皮肤炎 (DD) 阶段:传统的隔间仓库 (CON) 和堆肥床包仓库 (CBPB).
- 为DD特征推断潜在的基因型 × 住房系统相互作用.
- 估计遗传参数并确定与不同住房环境中的DD易感性相关的候选基因.
主要方法:
- 在CON和CBPB系统中,对1311只荷尔斯坦-弗里斯和399只弗莱克维希-西蒙塔尔牛的DD阶段 (DD-病,DD-急性,DD-慢性) 的详细表型.
- 基因组分析使用来自926头母牛的38,495个SNP,使用单步和双变的动物模型来估计遗传参数和相关性.
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 确定SNP主要效应和SNP × 住房系统相互作用效应,然后进行候选基因注释.
主要成果:
- 与CBPB系统相比,在CON系统中观察到更高的DD流行率.
- 对DD特征的遗传概率估计在0.11到0.16之间,在CON系统中略高一些.
- 住房系统中DD特征之间的遗传相关性很高 (约为0.80),表明基因型 × 住房系统相互作用可以忽略不计. 已经确定了几种候选基因 (例如,METTL25,AFF3,PRKG1,TENM4,ASXL1,NOL4L).
结论:
- 基因型 × 住房系统相互作用对数字皮肤炎的遗传评估有很小的影响.
- DD的遗传结构在传统的隔间和堆肥床包住房系统中基本一致.
- 已识别的候选基因为DD的遗传基础提供了洞察力,可能有助于对疾病耐药性的标记器辅助选择.
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