工具使用大脑在teleosts和amniotes进化的不同方式
Pierre Estienne1, Matthieu Simion2,3, Hanako Hagio4,5
1Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR9197, Saclay, 91400, France.
Communications biology
|January 12, 2024
概括
使用工具的鱼表现出大脑的扩大,这不是由于更多的神经元,而是由于扩大了连接关键大脑区域的纤维通道. 这表明非远视脑结构对于远视人的高级认知功能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 进行比较的神经解剖学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物和鸟类的工具使用与较大的远脑和较高的神经元数量相关.
- 某些远物种,特别是鱼,已经独立进化了使用工具的行为.
- 了解不同种群中工具使用的神经基础,可以揭示融合的进化途径.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究使用工具的鱼的大脑结构,并将其与不使用工具的teleost物种进行比较.
- 识别与远程实验者工具使用行为的演变相关的潜在神经相关性.
- 探索非远大脑大脑结构在高级认知功能中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在使用工具的和其他远物种中对大脑形态的比较分析.
- 检查大脑大小,细胞组成和纤维通道连接.
- 专注于大脑和腹部中脑结构.
主要成果:
- 使用工具的鱼与其他远距离鱼相比,具有显著扩大的远大脑和腹前脑/中脑区域.
- 这种扩大归因于扩大了纤维通道,而不是增加了神经元的比例.
- 一个值得注意的特点是和下叶之间广泛的连接,这是一种缺少羊生物的结构.
结论:
- 远程使用工具的演变与显著的大脑结构修改有关,特别是在非远程脑部区域.
- 在工具使用的鱼中,扩大且高度连接的下半叶可能在更高阶的认知功能中发挥关键作用.
- 这些发现凸显了非遥感大脑大脑进化在遥感者复杂认知的出现中的重要性.
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