在流行病之前和期间对不同不良事件的人口规模识别
Xiang Zhang1, Marissa Sumathipala1, Marinka Zitnik2,3,4
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature computational science
|January 13, 2024
概括
尽管报告总数较少,但COVID-19大流行增加了54种药物不良事件的频率. 报告中的性别和年龄差异也扩大,影响公共卫生紧急情况期间的患者安全.
科学领域:
- 患者安全 患者安全
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
- 公共卫生紧急情况 公共卫生紧急情况
背景情况:
- 患者安全不良事件导致显著的死亡率,2019年在美国有11万例死亡.
- 全国范围的流行病,如COVID-19,加剧了确保安全使用药物的挑战.
- 疫情对患者安全事件的具体影响仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在流行病之前和期间调查跨人口群体的药物安全事件.
- 分析不良事件发生频率和报告的变化.
- 为了确定由大流行加剧的潜在的医疗保健不平等.
主要方法:
- 使用了大量数据集,包括1,425,371份报告,涵盖2,821种药物和7,761种不良事件.
- 与流行病前和流行病期间的不良事件频率和人口统计报告率进行比较.
- 分析了64个确定不良事件的发生变化和报告差异.
主要成果:
- 在64例确诊的不良事件中,54例在疫情期间的频率增加,尽管报告总数下降了4.4%.
- 报告中的性别差异扩大了53个不良事件中的33个,其中有大流行前的差距.
- 成年人与老年患者相比,不良事件报告率增加了16.8%.
结论:
- 疫情显著改变了药物安全事件概况,增加了许多不良事件的频率.
- 流行病状况加剧了在不良事件报告中现有的性别和年龄相关差异.
- 调查结果强调了在公共卫生危机期间需要制定战略,以确保安全使用药物并减轻公共卫生危机期间的医疗保健不平等.
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