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肺炎球菌合疫苗在瑞典儿童身上产生了持续的效果,在其推出8年后
Tobias Alfvén1,2, Rutger Bennet3, Anna Granath4,5
1Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|January 13, 2024
概括
肺炎球菌联合疫苗 (PCV7和PCV13) 在幼儿中显著减少了因鼻炎,乳腺炎和脑膜炎住院的病例,高达79%. 这些疫苗的保护作用持续了八年,证明了在儿童传染病预防方面具有长期益处.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在斯德哥尔摩引入肺炎球菌结合疫苗 (2007年PCV7被2011年PCV13取代) 的目的是减少Streptococcus pneumoniae感染.
- 之前的研究表明,在PCV7引入后,幼儿肺炎和鼻炎发病率下降.
研究的目的:
- 评估肺炎球菌结合疫苗对肺炎,鼻炎,乳腺炎和脑膜炎在17岁以下儿童的发病率的持续影响.
- 将观察期延长四年,覆盖疫苗接种后的八年.
主要方法:
- 对斯德哥尔摩地区 (2003-2016) 验证的医院注册数据进行了回顾性分析.
- 这项研究包括11115例细菌性肺炎,鼻炎,乳腺炎,细菌性脑膜炎或17岁以下儿童的肺炎.
- 对照组包括患有病毒性肺炎或炎症的儿童.
主要成果:
- 在接种疫苗后的八年期间,两岁以下儿童因鼻炎,乳腺炎和脑膜炎住院的病例减少了61%-79%.
- 同一年龄组的细菌性肺炎住院病例减少了19%-25%.
- 这些减少是在PCV7和PCV13疫苗引入后观察到的.
结论:
- 肺炎球菌合疫苗对减少2岁以下儿童严重感染的影响持续了8年.
- 这些发现突显了儿科群体肺炎球菌结合疫苗接种计划的长期有效性.
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