相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 5, 2025
13:48
Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
Published on: August 8, 2014
13.1K
在一个小的后工业城市的城市更新后,树木和不透气的表面覆盖面的历史变化
1Environmental Studies Program, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA. hkropp@hamilton.edu.
Environmental management
|January 13, 2024
概括
城市树木覆盖在1957年至2017年期间在纽约州乌蒂卡显著下降,不透气的表面增加. 了解历史上的土地覆盖变化对于公平的城市森林管理和植树倡议至关重要.
科学领域:
- 城市生态城市生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 是指地理信息系统.
背景情况:
- 在过去的70年里,全国各地的城市经历了树木覆盖和不透气表面的重大变化.
- 市政府正在积极实施植树计划,以增加城市树冠.
- 历史土地覆盖数据对于有效的城市森林管理策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1957年至2017年在纽约乌蒂卡的历史土地覆盖变化.
- 通过了解过去的土地覆盖动态来为城市森林管理提供信息.
- 识别当前种植树木工作中的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 应用了卷积神经网络 (CNN) 来对历史航空图像进行图像细分.
- 1957年,1974年和2017年的划定土地覆盖类别,包括树木,路面和建筑物.
- 在土地覆盖率预测方面,总体准确度在82-87%之间.
主要成果:
- 在1957年至2017年期间观察到树木覆盖面的普遍下降和不透气表面的增加.
- 树木覆盖的增加主要发生在自然区域,而在城市更新后的住宅区发生了重大损失.
- 目前树木覆盖面较低的地区往往与租户居住的房屋和低家庭中等收入相关.
结论:
- 基于CNN的图像细分对于分析历史土地覆盖变化是有效的.
- 历史政策和社区规模的变化影响城市森林分布.
- 了解这些遗产对于公平的城市林业和优先考虑种植树木的努力至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
47
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
47
01:19Survival Tree
86
Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...
86
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
22.3K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.3K
01:50Global Climate Change
24.4K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.4K
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.6K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.6K
02:17Ecological Succession
17.3K
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
17.3K