评估牛肉生产链整合放牧和无地系统对环境的影响
Raisa Tinitana-Bayas1, Neus Sanjuán1, Elena Sanchís Jiménez2
1Grup ASPA. Department de Tecnologia D'Aliments, Edifici 3F, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|January 13, 2024
概括
混合牛肉系统显示出不同的环境影响. 乳制品来源的小牛系统 (DN,DA) 通常比哺乳动物来源的系统 (BSF,BFU) 的影响较低,强调料和便管理是关键的减轻影响的领域.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生命周期评估 生命周期评估
背景情况:
- 畜牧业生产,特别是牛肉,对环境产生重大影响.
- 全球肉类消费量不断增加,需要可持续的生产方法.
- 混合牛肉系统在生产率和减少环境足迹之间提供了潜在的平衡.
研究的目的:
- 量化和比较四种不同的混合牛肉生产系统对环境的影响.
- 确定这些系统中的关键环境热点,从摇篮到屠宰场门.
- 为减轻牛肉生产对环境造成的负担制定缓解策略.
主要方法:
- 生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法应用于四个混合牛肉系统:牛肉单一农场 (BSF),牛肉肥单位 (BFU),国家乳制品 (DN) 和国外乳制品 (DA).
- 从农民和屠宰场调查中收集的数据,涵盖每公斤尸体重量的影响.
- 对7个环境影响类别的评估,包括气候变化和肥胖化.
主要成果:
- 与DN和DA系统相比,BSF和BFU系统的牛肉生产对环境的影响更大.
- 较低的环境负担分配给奶牛犊是减少DN和DA系统影响的主要驱动因素.
- 屠宰场的运营对评估的整体环境影响做出了最小的贡献.
结论:
- 牛犊的起源显著影响混合牛肉系统的环境性能.
- 缓解努力应集中在牛肉系统中的料生产,肠道发酵和便管理上.
- 进一步的研究应该探索放牧对环境的好处,如碳捕获和生物多样性增强.
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