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Tail-anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane

Tail-anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane

Tail-anchored, or TA, proteins are estimated to make up to 3-5% of membrane proteins found in the eukaryotic cell. Such proteins have a single transmembrane domain located approximately 30 amino acid residues upstream from the C-terminal end. As a result, the signal recognition particle (SRP) cannot guide a TA protein to the ER membrane for cotranslational insertion. Hence, they are integrated into the ER membrane post-translationally using their C-terminal end as the anchor. TA proteins...

tRNA Activation

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

Rab Proteins

Rab Proteins

Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

编码TCR蛋白序列分类的PseAAC2Vec蛋白质编码

Zahra Tayebi¹, Sarwan Ali¹, Taslim Murad¹

¹Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30303, GA, USA.

Computers in biology and medicine

|January 13, 2024

概括

此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了PseAAC2Vec,一种用于分类T细胞受体 (TCR) 序列的新型蛋白质编码方法. PseAAC2Vec提高了用于免疫学和个性化免疫疗法开发的TCR分类的准确性.

关键词:

分类分类分类分类.蛋白质序列蛋白质序列是什么?在TCR中,可以使用TCR.

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Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display

Protein Engineering by Yeast Surface Display

Published on: November 29, 2024

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Published on: February 10, 2023

科学领域:

免疫信息学是指免疫信息学.
计算生物学计算生物学
生物信息学是一种生物信息学.

背景情况:

T细胞受体 (TCRs) 对于适应性免疫非常重要.
对TCR蛋白序列的准确分类对于了解免疫反应和开发个性化免疫疗法至关重要.
现有的TCR序列分析方法在捕获复杂序列特征方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

开发和评估一种新的蛋白质编码方法,PseAAC2Vec,用于准确分类TCR蛋白序列.
为了利用物理化学特性和局部序列信息来增强TCR序列表示.
为了提高TCR分类的准确性和稳定性,以便在免疫治疗中进行潜在的应用.

主要方法:

使用伪氨基酸组合 (PseAAC) 与载体嵌入 (PseAAC2Vec) 结合用于蛋白质序列编码.
包含的物理化学性质:疏水性,极性,电荷,分子量和溶剂可访问性.
在PseAAC2Vec生成的特征向量上应用机器学习算法,包括支持向量机 (SVM) 和随机森林 (RF).
在TCR蛋白序列的大型注释数据集上评估性能.

主要成果:

与现有方法相比,PseAAC2Vec方法在TCR蛋白序列分类方面表现出优异的性能.
编码有效地捕获了TCR序列中的歧视性模式,从而提高了准确性和稳定性.
该方法在各种窗口大小中显示出一致和有希望的结果,表明了适应性.

结论:

PseAAC2Vec是TCR蛋白序列分类的高效方法.
这种方法为计算免疫学和向免疫疗法的开发提供了重大进展.
PseAAC2Vec 编码提供了 TCR 序列的全面表征,增强了它们在生物研究中的实用性.