植物性饮食和肠道微生物组:来自巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究的发现
Xinyi Shen1, Curtis Tilves2, Hyunju Kim3
1Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|January 13, 2024
概括
健康的植物性饮食促进有益的肠道微生物群多样性和较低的TMAO水平. 不健康的植物性饮食与这些健康指标相反或没有关联.
科学领域:
- 人类肠道微生物组研究研究
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响肠道微生物组的组成和功能.
- 特定的代谢物,如三甲基胺N氧化物 (TMAO),可能会调解饮食对健康的影响.
- 关于不同的植物性饮食如何影响肠道微生物和代谢物的有限人类数据.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同植物性饮食指数与肠道微生物群特征之间的关联.
- 检查植物性饮食与代谢物TMAO的血水平之间的关系.
- 为了探索肠道微生物组组成的物种级变化,以应对饮食.
主要方法:
- 来自巴尔的摩老化纵向研究的705名成年人的横截面研究.
- 使用食物频率调查问卷评估的饮食摄入量,以获得健康 (hPDI) 和不健康 (uPDI) 的植物性饮食指数.
- 便微生物组通过猎枪元基因组测序分析;血TMAO测量;使用回归模型分析关联.
主要成果:
- 健康植物性饮食指数 (hPDI) 与肠道微生物组的α-多样性 (均性) 有积极关联.
- hPDI与有益的多糖分解细菌的丰富性增加以及某些其他物种的丰富性减少有关.
- hPDI与血TMAO水平相反相关;不健康的植物性饮食指数 (uPDI) 显示了相反或无关联.
结论:
- 对健康植物性饮食的更高坚持与与积极健康结果相关的肠道微生物群概况有关.
- 坚持不健康的植物性饮食与不太有利或中性微生物组特征有关.
- 研究结果强调了植物性饮食模式中的饮食质量对肠道健康和TMAO代谢的重要性.
相关概念视频
Anatomy of the Intestines
72.0K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
72.0K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
334
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
334
What is Monogastric Digestion?
71.2K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
71.2K
Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
456
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
456


