使用创新传播理论,了解与医疗保健工作者中COVID-19疫苗接种相关的因素
Gail C D'Souza1, Casey N Pinto2, Cara L Exten3
1Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.
American journal of infection control
|January 13, 2024
概括
大多数医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 接种了COVID-19疫苗,主要是为了个人保护. 医疗保健工作者对疫苗犹的主要原因是对副作用的担忧,这凸显了有针对性的沟通策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 由于职业暴露风险,前线医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 优先接种COVID-19疫苗.
- 低水平的疫苗接种率可以显著影响社区一级的疫苗接种率.
- 创新扩散 (DOI) 理论被用来分析影响HCW疫苗采用的因素.
研究的目的:
- 了解与医疗保健工作者接种COVID-19疫苗相关的因素.
- 应用创新传播理论来对HCW疫苗采用者进行分类.
- 确定医疗保健工作者中COVID-19疫苗接种的关键驱动因素和障碍.
主要方法:
- 在2022年8月至2023年2月期间,在宾夕法尼亚州 (不包括费城) 的3490名医疗保健工作者中进行了一项调查.
- 收集的数据包括人口统计,疫苗接种情况以及接受或拒绝接种COVID-19疫苗的原因.
- 疫苗相关信息的HCW所使用的信息来源也被记录下来.
主要成果:
- 93%的受访医疗保健工作者表示,他们至少接种了一剂COVID-19疫苗.
- 使用DOI理论对HCW进行了分类:56%的创新者,9%的早期采用者,11%的早期多数,7%的晚期多数和17%的落后者.
- 接种疫苗的主要动机是防止COVID-19感染 (78%),而疫苗副作用的担忧是拒绝的主要原因 (78%).
结论:
- 该研究成功地使用DOI理论来描述HCW疫苗采用者,并确定了关键影响因素.
- 这些发现可以为HCWs改善疫苗教育和沟通策略提供信息.
- 有针对性的方法对于提高疫苗接种率至关重要,因为随着更新的COVID-19疫苗变得可用.
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